A migraine is a very painful type of headache. People who get migraines often describe the pain as pulsing or throbbing in one area of the head.

Migraine Triggers

Some people find that their migraines are triggered by something. Triggers might include:

• Certain foods: such as chocolate, cheese, red wine, citrus fruits, coffee, tea.
• Sleep: Too much or too little
• Changes in hormone balance in women: such as periods, the pill, menopause.
• Stress or relaxation after a period of stress.
• Irregular meals.
• Smoking.
• Flashing lights.
• Environmental: Noise, glare, weather – changes, and exposure to sun

Signs and Symptoms

• Migraine Symptoms include a severe headache that occurs usually on one side of the head but sometimes can be on both sides of the head but it is very rare. There is a vast difference between the ordinary headache and migraine.
• Other migraine symptoms include a sensitivity to light, vomiting, nausea and sensitivity towards any kind of sound.

Prevention

• Turn out the lights: Migraines often increase sensitivity to light and sound. Relax in a dark, quiet room. Sleep if you can.
• Massage painful areas: Apply gentle pressure to your scalp or temples. Alleviate muscle tension with a shoulder or neck massage.
• Drink a caffeinated beverage: In small amounts, caffeine can enhance the pain-reducing effects of some medicines. Be careful, however drinking too much caffeine often can lead to withdrawal headaches later on.
• Try temperature therapy: Apply hot or cold compresses to your head or neck. Ice packs have a numbing effect, which may dull the sensation of pain. Hot packs and heating pads can relax tense muscles. Warm showers or baths may have a similar effect.
• Do proper exercises, adopt good posture, and avoid standing/sitting for long periods.
• Eat a well balanced diet, low in fat and high in whole grains, fruits and vegetables.